Citation
- Authors: Heidorn, S. J., Milagre, C., Whittaker, S., Nourry, A., Niculescu-Duvas, I., Dhomen, N., Hussain, J., Reis-Filho, J. S., Springer, C. J., Pritchard, C., Marais, R.
- Year: 2010
- Journal: Cell 140 209-21
- Applications: in vitro / siRNA / INTERFERin
- Cell types:
- Name: A375
Description: Human skin melanoma cells
Known as: A-375 - Name: DO4
- Name: HCT 116
Description: Human colon carcinoma cells
Known as: HCT116 - Name: MM415
- Name: MM485
- Name: PMWK
- Name: SW620
Description: Human colon adenocarcinoma cells - Name: WM1791c
Description: Human skin melanoma cells - Name: WM852
- Name: A375
Method
5nM siRNA
Abstract
We describe a mechanism of tumorigenesis mediated by kinase-dead BRAF in the presence of oncogenic RAS. We show that drugs that selectively inhibit BRAF drive RAS-dependent BRAF binding to CRAF, CRAF activation, and MEK-ERK signaling. This does not occur when oncogenic BRAF is inhibited, demonstrating that BRAF inhibition per se does not drive pathway activation; it only occurs when BRAF is inhibited in the presence of oncogenic RAS. Kinase-dead BRAF mimics the effects of the BRAF-selective drugs and kinase-dead Braf and oncogenic Ras cooperate to induce melanoma in mice. Our data reveal another paradigm of BRAF-mediated signaling that promotes tumor progression. They highlight the importance of understanding pathway signaling in clinical practice and of genotyping tumors prior to administering BRAF-selective drugs, to identify patients who are likely to respond and also to identify patients who may experience adverse effects.