Citation

  • Authors: Boosen, M., Vetterkind, S., Koplin, A., Illenberger, S., Preuss, U.
  • Year: 2005
  • Journal: Exp Cell Res 311 177-91
  • Applications: in vitro / DNA / jetPEI
  • Cell types:
    1. Name: C2C12
      Description: Murine myoblasts
    2. Name: CHO
      Description: Chinese hamster ovary cells
    3. Name: E14-2
    4. Name: HeLa
      Description: Human cervix epitheloid carcinoma cells
    5. Name: NIH/3T3
      Description: Murine embryonic fibroblasts
      Known as: NIH/3T3, 3T3
    6. Name: REF 52.2

Abstract

Par-4 (prostate apoptosis response-4) sensitizes cells to apoptotic stimuli, but the exact mechanisms are still poorly understood. Using Par-4 as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified Amida as a novel interaction partner, a ubiquitously expressed protein which has been suggested to be involved in apoptotic processes. Complex formation of Par-4 and Amida occurs in vitro and in vivo and is mediated via the C-termini of both proteins, involving the leucine zipper of Par-4. Amida resides mainly in the nucleus but displays nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling in heterokaryons. Upon coexpression with Par-4 in REF52.2 cells, Amida translocates to the cytoplasm and is recruited to actin filaments by Par-4, resulting in enhanced induction of apoptosis. The synergistic effect of Amida/Par-4 complexes on the induction of apoptosis is abrogated when either Amida/Par-4 complex formation or association of these complexes with the actin cytoskeleton is impaired, indicating that the Par-4-mediated relocation of Amida to the actin cytoskeleton is crucial for the pro-apoptotic function of Par-4/Amida complexes in REF52.2 cells. The latter results in enhanced phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain of myosin II (MLC) as has previously been shown for Par-4-mediated recruitment of DAP-like kinase (Dlk), suggesting that the recruitment of nuclear proteins involved in the regulation of apoptotic processes to the actin filament system by Par-4 represents a potent mechanism how Par-4 can trigger apoptosis.

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