Citation
- Authors: Bochter MS. et al.
- Year: 2022
- Journal: Dev Biol 487 42-56
- Applications: in vitro / DNA / jetPRIME
- Cell types:
- Name: HEK-293
Description: Human embryonic kidney Fibroblast
Known as: HEK293, 293 - Name: HEK-293T
Description: Human embryonic kidney Fibroblast
Known as: HEK293T, 293T - Name: NIH/3T3
Description: Murine embryonic fibroblasts
Known as: NIH/3T3, 3T3
- Name: HEK-293
Method
To make the Tet-responsive DLL3-HA stable cell lines (HEK293 Flp-TOD3HA cells), 80,000 HEK293 Flp-In T-REx cells were plated in a 6-well plate and co-transfected with 0.5ug of pOG44 Flp Recombinase and pTO-Dll3-HA plasmid DNA, at a 9:1 ratio, using JetPRIME transfection reagent. 24 h post transfection, cells were re-plated in a 60 mm plate and selected with 15ug/mL blasticidin and 100ug/mL hygromycin. Stable lines were tested for zeocin sensitivity and for Tet-inducible DLL3-HA expression. The clonal line HEK293 TO-D3HA-1 was selected for further experiments.
HEK293-T cells were plated at 200,000 cells/well in a 6-well plate. Transfections with pSecTag mNotch 1 EGF 1–5 or pSecTag Dll3 EGF 2–5 or pSecTag Dll3 EGF 2–5 mutants, were performed essentially as described (Al-Shareffi et al., 2013) using JetPRIME transfection reagent followed by 72 h growth in Opti-MEM Reduced Serum medium (Gibco) with 2% FBS, L-Glutamine, and 200 μM 6-akynyl fucose (6AF).
Abstract
In mammalian development, oscillatory activation of Notch signaling is required for segmentation clock function during somitogenesis. Notch activity oscillations are synchronized between neighboring cells in the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) and have a period that matches the rate of somite formation. Normal clock function requires cyclic expression of the Lunatic fringe (LFNG) glycosyltransferase, as well as expression of the inhibitory Notch ligand Delta-like 3 (DLL3). How these factors coordinate Notch activation in the clock is not well understood. Recent evidence suggests that LFNG can act in a signal-sending cell to influence Notch activity in the clock, raising the possibility that in this context, glycosylation of Notch pathway proteins by LFNG may affect ligand activity. Here we dissect the genetic interactions of Lfng and Dll3 specifically in the segmentation clock and observe distinctions in the skeletal and clock phenotypes of mutant embryos showing that paradoxically, loss of Dll3 is associated with strong reductions in Notch activity in the caudal PSM. The patterns of Notch activity in the PSM suggest that the loss of Dll3 is epistatic to the loss of Lfng in the segmentation clock, and we present direct evidence for the modification of several DLL1 and DLL3 EGF-repeats by LFNG. We further demonstrate that DLL3 expression in cells co-expressing DLL1 and NOTCH1 can potentiate a cell's signal-sending activity and that this effect is modulated by LFNG, suggesting a mechanism for coordinated regulation of oscillatory Notch activation in the clock by glycosylation and cis-inhibition.